This study is a case study figuring out the socio-economic status of the residents at that time, analyzing the land status and the population in the 1910’s through the original cadastral map, the land register(土地臺帳), and the removed family register(除籍簿) of Gusu(九水) village, Guam-ri, Gongeum-myeon, Gochang-gun, the site of Resistance in Mujang(茂長起包). These are the only primary sources available for estimating Gusu Village in 1894 at the time of Donghak Peasant Revolution, and yet, the temporal gap was around 20 years. The village, itself did not change greatly. The research method was to figure out the lot number designations, land categories, owners, and terrains from the cadastral map, and then, the cadaster data for 165 land numbers were issued for the analysis of the land classes, areas, and owners. Applying the tax base in the 1910’s, the production at that time was calculated, and then, it was applied to the case of Choi, Gyeong-chil, the participants of Donghak Peasant Revolution. As a result of the analysis, the residents of Gusu Village showed average 5.919 per household, and compared to the number of family members, it is presumed that the people were difficult to maintain a living through one-year’s farming at the time of Donghak Peasant Revolution, The poverty and penury became to play a role as economic backgrounds of Donghak peasant Revolution in 1894.